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They have diverse uses, from compensating for the natural effects of aging on the eye to exploring the depths of space. In medicine specialized magnification instruments play an important role in detecting and treating medical problems and diseases.
In general, they use optics such as lenses to increase an image's size. As the eye ages, the lens, a clear flexible structure that allows focusing, naturally begins to stiffen.
The result is a progressive difficulty in focusing on near objects like small print. Usually it can be treated with reading glasses, which are readily available over the counter.
Reading glasses are available in varying strengths. A magnifying glass, or hand lens, is a single convex lens mounted on a handle.
Magnifying glasses are used by hobbyists such as stamp collectors to examine fine details. Telescopes and related instruments, such as binoculars, magnify distant objects to make them appear closer.
The first telescopes used lenses, which bend light. Just as a prism separates white light into a rainbow, these refracting telescopes separate light into different colors, causing a problem called chromatic aberration.
The reflecting telescope, which uses curved mirrors instead of transparent lenses, solved the problem of chromatic aberration. Optical telescopes like these require at least two lenses, which produce an upside-down image; a third lens can turn the image right side up.
Modern technology has produced telescopes for astronomy that can examine wavelengths other than visible light. Microscopes magnify very small objects.
Slide microscopes can magnify up to 1,000 times but have a low depth of field. This means they can focus only on thin sections.
Stereomicroscopes have lower magnification but better depth of field. Digital microscopes are like optical microscopes but use CMOS sensors like those in digital cameras.
Transmission electron microscopes and scanning electron microscopes use electromagnetic lenses on electron beams to produce incredibly fine magnification, up to 50 million times for TEM. Fiberscopes have revolutionized medical diagnosis and are also used in industry and law enforcement.
A fiberscope allows the user to view difficult to access areas, such as internal organs or fine machinery, by inserting a flexible fiber-optic tube. Formation of an image is made possible by surrounding the optical fibers with special glass to create total internal reflection.
A lens at the eyepiece can magnify the image, and some fiberscopes also have a camera. Fiberscopes used for medical imaging are also called endoscopes.
Private detectives, law enforcement agents and other investigators sometimes use small fiber-optic cameras to gain audio-visual footage of suspected persons. Many times when gathering evidence, these can be undetectable due to their ability to be placed in small, confined areas without being seen.
Knowing about the smallest fiber-optic cameras available on the market can help determine the best tool for your investigation. The mini snake is thin and flexible, and is ideal for private investigators.
This is because it is controlled by fiber-optics and has the ability to see around corners, under doors, inside drain pipes and in other limited areas. After you have recorded with this camera, you have the ability to hear precise dialogue in the immediate area, as it is also equipped with a built-in microphone.
The high-resolution lens allows investigators to receive a crystal-clear video of their surveillance and easily adapt the camera to record real-time events. This is powered by a 12-volt battery and allows viewers to be able to utilize a fully adjustable focus that ranges from 0.5 inches to infinity.
The camera can also be hooked up to different televisions and video cameras, as it is also equipped with 330 cable lines. This fiber camera is small enough to fit under doors and in hard to reach places and remain invisible to suspected parties.
In order to record with this scope, investigators can purchase an adapter to record to a video camera or other viewing device. The fiber-optic inspection scope can typically see what the naked eye can.
During night, however, an attachment can also be purchased to allow the scope to see and record in total darkness. The eyepiece of the scope contains a lens that is attached to a flexible fiber-optic bundle.
