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This releases hormone known as Thyroid hormone, T3 and T4. The thyroid gland is responsible for the proper functioning of most of the physiological processes of the body.
An unbalanced production of thyroid hormones causes many diseases.The abnormal production of T3 & T4 can affect the overall metabolic functioning of the body. Goitre, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism etc are some of its more common problems.
Lesser hormonal production causes hypothyroidism. A deficiency in iodine or even a genetic problem may cause the above hormonal diseases. Weight gain, memory loss, fatigue are some of the symptoms of hypothyroidism. It can be diagnosed by blood test which is done for detecting the level of thyroid hormone in blood. Medicines can help to control the disorder. The medicines should also be accompanied with a diet rich in minerals and green vegetables.
A thyroid problem called Hyperthyroidism is caused when more thyroid hormones than required are produced. The causes of this may be Grave's disease which is an auto-immune disease, toxic thyroid adenoma, toxic multi nodular nodules and thyroiditis. The common symptoms which are seen in most of the patients of hyperthyroidism are hair loss, excessive weight loss, increased heart rate, sleeping disorders, intolerance to heat etc. This can be investigated with the help of blood test, scintigraphy, ultrasound or radio scan. The treatment include surgery, beta-blockers, radio-iodine etc. Those who suffer from this, must be very specific in their diet. They should take diet rich in cereals, eggs, fruits, protein foods, vegetables, minerals, vitamins etc. Alcohol, chocolates, caffeine, sugar and diary products should be shunned.
An enlarged thyroid gland causes goiter. Mostly, this is a painless condition. Many a times, there may not be any reason behind this. The increase in size might put pressure on the person's larynx and pharynx. Shortness of breath may be caused. The swelling may also lead to cough and pain during swallowing. This may also be accompanied by abnormal sounds. Wheezing is the more common term for it. This may also cause mood swings, lack of concentration or depression. It may also cause constipation. The treatment involves radioactive iodine therapy or diet regulation or medication or sometimes surgery.
Thyroid Nodules is the abnormal growth of thyroid gland leading to formation of lumps. These are often a case of concern as sometimes, such lumps and nodules can be cancerous also. There are various kinds of thyroid nodules. These are Follicular adenoma, Inflammatory nodules, Hyper-functioning thyroid nodules, colloidal nodules, thyroid cysts and Thyroid cancer. Some of the common causes of these are iodine deficiency, Hashimoto's disease, genetic abnormalities, radiation therapy. The treatment of this involves hormone suppression therapy, radioactive iodine, surgery etc.
